This study examines how different returns to scale can be revealed in DEA, considering the possibility of the existence of a concave upward efficient frontier. Management Science, 30(9): 1078-1092.) model presents a concave downward efficient frontier that presumes variable returns to scale. Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis. European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6): 429-444.), assumes constant returns to scale conversely, the BCC ( Banker et al., 1984 2 BANKER RD, CHARNES A & COOPER WW. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. The classical Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, CCR ( Charnes et al., 1978 12 CHARNES A, COOPER WW & RHODES E. The format of the efficient frontier is an important measure of technical efficiency additionally, it determines the type of return to scale verified by the model.
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